 |
| General |
| Name | Titanium |
| Symbol | Ti |
| Number | 22 |
| Group Number | 4 |
| Group | Transition metals |
| Block | d |
| Density | 4.50 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 47.90 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 10.64 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1791 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1941 K |
| Boiling Point | 3560 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 14.15 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 425 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 658 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1310.3 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2652.5 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.54 |
| Electron Affinity | 7.6 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.52 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 470 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,10,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d2 4s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | -1 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 4 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 4 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | hexagonal |
| Characteristics | max strength/weight ratio |
| Color | gray |
| Uses | steel,white pigment(TiO2) |
| Hardness | mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | mild, w/ht =>TiO2, TiN |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | None |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | None |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | passivated |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 5 |
| Hydride | TiH2 |
| Oxide | TiO Ti2O3 TiO2 + more |
| Chloride | TiCl2 TiCl3 TiCl4 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 147 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 100 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 81 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 21.9 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 23.81 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 14.6 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Ilmenite, rutile(oxide) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 3.380 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 3.8 log |
|
