 |
| General |
| Name | Rhodium |
| Symbol | Rh |
| Number | 45 |
| Group Number | 9 |
| Group | Transition metals |
| Block | d |
| Density | 12.4 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 102.9055 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 8.3 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1803 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 2237 K |
| Boiling Point | 3968 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 26.59 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 494 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 719.8 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1744.4 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2996.8 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 2.28 |
| Electron Affinity | 109.7 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.242 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 556 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,16,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d8 5s1 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | -1 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 6 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 3 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic face centered |
| Characteristics | forms hard coatings |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | catalysts, elec. contacts |
| Hardness | mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | none, w/ht =>Rh2O3 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | None |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | None |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 1 |
| Hydride | None |
| Oxide | Rh2O3 RhO2 |
| Chloride | RhCl3 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 134 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 80.5 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 150 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 221.729 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 8.6 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | nickel ores (sulfides) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | -0.463 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | -3 log |
|
