 |
| General |
| Name | Molybdenum |
| Symbol | Mo |
| Number | 42 |
| Group Number | 6 |
| Group | Transition metals |
| Block | d |
| Density | 10.2 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 95.94 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 9.4 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1781 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 2896 K |
| Boiling Point | 4912 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 37.48 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 617 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 684.9 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1588.2 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2620.5 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 2.24 |
| Electron Affinity | 72 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.25 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 658 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,13,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d5 5s1 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | -2 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 6 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 6 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic body centered |
| Characteristics | very hard |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | catalysts, tool steel |
| Hardness | mohs |
| Toxicity | No |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | none, w/ht =>MoO3 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | None |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | None |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 7 |
| Hydride | None |
| Oxide | MoO2 MoO3 |
| Chloride | MoClx [x=2-6] |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 139 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 83 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 138 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 192.308 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 12.8 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Molybdenite (sulfide) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 0.407 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 0.2 log |
|
