Magnesium Element Properties, Alkali earth metals Group, Periodic Table of the Elements
Magnesium
|
Magnesium Element Properties |
 | | General |
| Name | Magnesium |
| Symbol | Mg |
| Number | 12 |
| Group Number | 2 |
| Group | Alkali earth metals |
| Block | s |
| Density | 1.738 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 24.305 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 13.97 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1808 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 923 K |
| Boiling Point | 1363 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 8.48 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 128 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 737.7 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1450.6 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 7732.6 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.31 |
| Electron Affinity | Nil |
| Specific Heat | 1.02 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 148 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 2 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 2 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | hexagonal |
| Characteristics | burns brightly |
| Color | silvery |
| Uses | alloys, flash bulbs |
| Hardness | 2 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous,w/ht =>MgO,Mg3N2 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | mild, =>H2, MgCl2 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | vigorous, =>NOx, Mg(NO3)2 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 3 |
| Hydride | MgH2 |
| Oxide | MgO |
| Chloride | MgCl2 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 160 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 86 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | Nil |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 156 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 224.719 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 10.6 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Seawater, magnesite |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 6.031 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 4.4 log |
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