Europium Element Properties, Rare Earth, Lanthanides Group, Periodic Table of the Elements
Europium
|
Europium Element Properties |
 | | General |
| Name | Europium |
| Symbol | Eu |
| Number | 63 |
| Group Number | NA |
| Group | Rare Earth, Lanthanides |
| Block | f |
| Density | 5.259 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 151.96 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 28.9 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1901 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1099 K |
| Boiling Point | 1802 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 9.21 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 176 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 546.7 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1085 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2405 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.12 |
| Electron Affinity | 50 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.18 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 178 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,25,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f7 6s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 3 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 3 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | simple cubic (body centered) |
| Characteristics | hard |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | alloys, color TV phosphor |
| Hardness | Nil |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, =>Eu2O3 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | mild, =>H2, EuCl3 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | mild, =>Eu(NO3)3 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 2 |
| Hydride | EuH2 |
| Oxide | Eu2O3 |
| Chloride | EuCl2 EuCl3 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 208 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 131 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 108.7 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 13.9 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 11 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 27.7 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | -1.012 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 0.1 log |
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