 |
| General |
| Name | Palladium |
| Symbol | Pd |
| Number | 46 |
| Group Number | 10 |
| Group | Transition metals |
| Block | d |
| Density | 12.02 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 106.4 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 8.9 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1803 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1828.05 K |
| Boiling Point | 3236 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 16.74 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 362 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 804.7 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1894 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 3177.2 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 2.2 |
| Electron Affinity | 53.7 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.24 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 378 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,18,18 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 4 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 4 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic face centered |
| Characteristics | absorbs H2 |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | catalysts, dental crowns |
| Hardness | 4.8 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | mild, w/ht, =>PdO |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | None |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | mild, =>Pd(NO3)2 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 6 |
| Hydride | PdHx x<1 non-stoich |
| Oxide | PdO |
| Chloride | PdCl2 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 137 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 100 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 90 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 71.8 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 94.8 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 4.8 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | nickel ores (sulfides) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 0.143 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | -2 log |
|
