 |
| General |
| Name | Calcium |
| Symbol | Ca |
| Number | 20 |
| Group Number | 2 |
| Group | Alkali earth metals |
| Block | s |
| Density | 1.55 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 40.08 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 29.9 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1808 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 1115 K |
| Boiling Point | 1115 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 8.54 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 154.7 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 589.8 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1145.4 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 4911.8 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1 |
| Electron Affinity | Nil |
| Specific Heat | 0.63 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 178 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 4s2 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 2 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 2 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | cubic face centered |
| Characteristics | burns brightly |
| Color | silvery-white |
| Uses | lime, cement |
| Hardness | 1.5 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | vigorous, =>CaO, Ca3N2 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | vigorous, =>H2, CaCl2 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | vigorous, =>H2, Ca(NO3)2 |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | None |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 6 |
| Hydride | CaH2 |
| Oxide | CaO |
| Chloride | CaCl2 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 197 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | 114 pm |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | Nil |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 201 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 255.754 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 22.8 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Calcite (oxide) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 4.786 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 4.65 log |
|
