 |
| General |
| Name | Aluminium |
| Symbol | Al |
| Number | 13 |
| Group Number | 13 |
| Group | Metal |
| Block | p |
| Density | 2.702 g/cm3 |
| Atomic Weight | 26.98154 g/mol |
| Atomic Volume | 10.0 cm3/mol |
| Discover | 1825 |
|
| States |
| State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 933.47 K |
| Boiling Point | 2792 K |
| Triple Point | Nil |
| Critical Point | Nil |
| Heat of Fusion | 10.71 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 294.0 kJ/mol |
|
| Energies |
| First Ionization Energy | 577.6 kJ/mole |
| Second Ionization Energy | 1816.6 kJ/mole |
| Third Ionization Energy | 2744.7 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity | 1.61 |
| Electron Affinity | 42.6 kJ/mole |
| Specific Heat | 0.90 J/gK |
| Heat Atomization | 326 kJ/mole atoms |
|
| Oxidation and Electrons |
| Shells | 2,8,3 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 |
| Minimum Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Oxidation Number | 3 |
| Minimum Common Oxidation Number | 0 |
| Maximum Common Oxidation Number | 3 |
|
| Appearance and Characteristics |
| Crystal Structure | face centered cubic |
| Characteristics | passivated: surface oxide |
| Color | silvery |
| Uses | Al cans & foil,reflectors |
| Hardness | 2.8 mohs |
| Toxicity | None |
|
| Reactions |
| Reaction with Air | mild, w/ht =>Al2O3 |
| Reaction with 6M HCl | mild, =>H2, AlCl3 |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3 | passivated |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH | mild, =>H2, [Al(OH)4]- |
|
| Other Forms |
| Number of Isotopes | 1 |
| Hydride | AlH3 |
| Oxide | Al2O3 |
| Chloride | AlCl3Al2Cl6 |
|
| Radius |
| Atomic Radius | 143 pm |
| Ionic Radius (1+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (1- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2+ ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (2- ion) | Nil |
| Ionic Radius (3+ ion) | 67.5 pm |
|
| Conductivity |
| Thermal Conductivity | 237 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical Conductivity | 376.676 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability | 8.3 A3 |
|
| Abundance |
| Source | Bauxite (oxide) |
| Relation Abundance Solar System | 4.929 log |
| Abundance Earth's Crust | 4.9 log |
|
